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Table 1 Baseline patient demographics and clinical characteristics

From: Alveolar cell composition in interstitial lung disease and the development of a pulmonary progressive fibrosing phenotype: a retrospective cohort study

 

Non-Progressive (n = 74)

Progressive

(n = 37)

P-value

Age, median [IQR], y

66 [56–72]

68 [62–72]

0.32

Sex

  

0.63

 Female, n (%)

29 (39.2)

12 (32.4)

 

 Male, n (%)

45 (60.8)

25 (67.6)

 

Smoking status

  

0.95

 Never, n (%)

23 (31.1)

11 (29.7)

 

 Former, n (%)

44 (59.5)

23 (62.2)

 

 Current, n (%)

7 (9.5)

3 (8.1)

 

Ethnicity

  

0.74

 Caucasian, n (%)

53 (71.6)

27 (73.0)

 

 Other, n (%)

18 (16.2)

8 (7.2)

 

 Unknown, n (%)

3 (4.1)

2 (5.4)

 

Pulmonary function test at baseline

   

 FVC % pred, mean (SD)

80.5 (17.0)

79.1 (15.3)

0.66

 FEV1% pred, mean (SD)

81.6 (18.8)

81.00 (17.8)

0.88

 DLCO % pred, median [IQR]*

54.0 [47.5–64.0]

53.0 [46.1–59.5]

0.64

iBAL

   

 Macrophages, median [IQR], %

67.2 [42.2–81.4]

73.0 [34.0–85.0]

0.80

 Neutrophils, median [IQR], %

6.6 [3.4–11.0]

6.7 [4.0–13.1]

0.80

 Eosinophils, median [IQR], %

2.0 [1.0–3.0]

2.4 [1.0–4.2]

0.52

 Lymphocytes, median [IQR], %

17.5 [7.0–34.0]

10.0 [6.0–42.0]

0.77

  CD4 + T cells, median [IQR], %*

60.0 [38.0–75.0]

59.0 [44.0–73.0]

0.55

  CD8 + T cells, median [IQR], %*

29.0 [17.0–46.0]

25.0 [18.0–40.0]

0.43

  NK cells, median [IQR], *

4.0 [2.0–7.0]

3.0 [2.0–6.0]

0.83

  B cells, median [IQR], %*

0.7 [0.4–1.0]

0.9 [0.50–1.0]

0.43

  Ratio CD4+/CD8+, median [IQR]*

2.0 [0.9–4.6]

2.4 [1.1–3.9]

0.53

Final MDT diagnosis

  

0.70

 IPF, n (%)

14 (18.9)

4 (10.8)

 

 HP, n (%)

20 (27.0)

15 (40.5)

 

 Idiopathic NSIP, n (%)

8 (10.8)

5 (13.5)

 

 Unclassifiable ILD, n (%)

14 (18.9)

6 (16.2)

 

 Sarcoidosis, n (%)

8 (10.8)

3 (8.1)

 

 Other^, n (%)

10 (13.5)

4 (10.8)

 

Treatment started after iBAL

  

< 0.001

 Wait and see, n (%)

32 (43.2)

6 (16.2)

 

 Antifibrotics, n (%)

10 (13.5)

3 (8.1)

 

 Immunosuppressants, n (%)

32 (43.2)

24 (64.9)

 

 Both antifibrotics and immunosuppressants, n (%)

0 (0)

4 (10.8)

 
  1. * Data not available for all participants. Missing data were as follows: DLCO % pred, 7; lymphocyte subtypes, 1. ^ Connective tissue disease ILD, eosinophilic pneumonia, idiopathic lymphoid interstitial pneumonia, organizing pneumonia, pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis, and smoking-related interstitial lung disease. Abbreviations: % pred = percentage of predicted; DLCO = diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide; FEV1 = forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC = forced vital capacity; HP = hypersensitivity pneumonitis; iBAL = immunological bronchoalveolar lavage; ILD = interstitial lung disease; IPF = idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; IQR = interquartile range; MDT = multidisciplinary team; NK = natural killer; NSIP = non-specific interstitial pneumonia
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Respiratory Research

ISSN: 1465-993X

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