Table 1 Characteristics of the patients with and without CT-defined emphysema
Patient characteristics | Total (N = 902) | Patients with CT-defined emphysema (n = 163) | Patients without CT-defined emphysema (n = 739) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, year | 61 (54, 67) | 62 (55, 68) | 60 (54, 67) | 0.201 |
Sex, male | 391(43.3%) | 130(79.8%) | 262(35.3%) | < 0.001 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 24.4 (22.3,26.6) | 23.5 (21.4,26.0) | 24.6 (22.6,26.7) | < 0.001 |
Smoking status |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Yes | 275(30.5%) | 91(55.8%) | 184(24.9%) |  |
 No | 627(69.5%) | 72 (44.2%) | 555(75.1%) |  |
Pulmonary function test* | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 FEV1,L | 2.4(2.0,2.9) | 2.5(2.0,3.0) | 2.4(2.0,2.8) | 0.581 |
 FEV1/FVC | 76.1(71.2,80.3) | 73.1(66.4,78.4) | 76.4(72.0,80.6) | < 0.001 |
 FEV1/FVC < 0.7 | 169(20.2%) | 50(33.8%) | 119(17.2%) | < 0.001 |
 DLCO/VA | 1.4(1.3,1.6) | 1.3(1.1,1.6) | 1.5(1.3,1.6) | < 0.001 |
 DLCO/VA pred % | 95.8(84.7,108.5) | 92.4(77.4,107.1) | 96.3(85.6,108.6) | 0.023 |
Tumor stage | Â | Â | Â | 0.039 |
 I | 597(66.2%) | 94(57.7%) | 503(68.1%) |  |
 II | 171(19.0%) | 38(23.3%) | 133(18.0%) |  |
 IIIA | 134(14.9%) | 31(19.0%) | 103(13.9%) |  |
Tumor | Â | Â | Â | 0.003 |
 pT1 | 651(72.2%) | 99 (60.7%) | 552 (74.7%) |  |
 pT2 | 195(21.6%) | 48 (29.4%) | 147 (19.9%) |  |
 pT3 | 34(3.8%) | 11 (6.7%) | 23 (3.1%) |  |
 pT4 | 22(2.4%) | 5 (3.1%) | 17 (2.3%) |  |
Node | Â | Â | Â | 0.405 |
 pN0 | 675(74.8%) | 116(71.2%) | 559 (75.6%) |  |
 pN1 | 112(12.4%) | 24 (14.7%) | 88 (11.9%) |  |
 pN2 | 110(12.2%) | 21 (12.9%) | 89 (12.0%) |  |
 pN3 | 5(0.6%) | 2 (1.2%) | 3 (0.4%) |  |
Predominant histologic patterns | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 MIA | 18(2.0%) | 1(0.6%) | 17(2.3%) | 0.223 |
 INMA |  |  |  |  |
  Lepidic | 144(16.0%) | 18 (11.0%) | 126 (17.1%) | 0.058 |
  Acinar | 438(48.6%) | 67(41.1%) | 371 (50.2%) | 0.035 |
  Papillary | 118(13.1%) | 21(12.9%) | 97 (13.1%) | 0.934 |
  Micropapillary | 51(5.7%) | 14(8.6%) | 37(5.0%) | 0.073 |
  Solid | 91(10.1%) | 36 (22.1%) | 55(7.4%) | < 0.001 |
 IMA | 42(4.7%) | 6(3.7%) | 36(4.9%) | 0.514 |
Vascular invasion | Â | Â | Â | 0.004 |
 Absent | 701(77.7%) | 113(69.3%) | 588(79.6%) |  |
 Present | 201(22.3%) | 50(30.7%) | 151(20.4%) |  |
Pleural invasion | Â | Â | Â | 0.001 |
 Absent | 666(73.9%) | 104(63.8%) | 56,002(76.2%) |  |
 Present | 235(26.1%) | 59(36.2%) | 176(23.8%) |  |
EGFR gene | Â | Â | Â | 0.017 |
 Wild | 335(37.1%) | 76(46.6%) | 259(35.0%) |  |
 Mutated | 269(29.8%) | 38(23.3%) | 231(31.3%) |  |
 NA | 298(33.0%) | 49(30.1%) | 249(33.7%) |  |
KRAS gene | Â | Â | Â | 0.262 |
 Wild | 563(62.4%) | 103(63.2%) | 460(62.2%) |  |
 Mutated | 41(4.5%) | 11(6.7%) | 30(4.1%) |  |
 NA | 298(33.0%) | 49(30.1%) | 249(33.7%) |  |
ALK gene | Â | Â | Â | 0.630 |
 Wild | 571(63.3%) | 107(65.5%) | 464(62.8%) |  |
 Rearranged | 33(3.7%) | 7(4.3%) | 26(3.5%) |  |
 NA | 298(33.0%) | 49(30.1%) | 249(33.7%) |  |
Tumor location 1 | Â | Â | Â | 0.636 |
 Central | 161(17.8%) | 27(16.6%) | 134(18.1%) |  |
 Peripheral | 741(82.2%) | 136(83.4%) | 605(81.9%) |  |
Tumor Location 2 | Â | Â | Â | 0.986 |
 Right lobe | 565(62.6%) | 102(62.6%) | 463(62.7%) |  |
 Left lobe | 337(37.4%) | 61(37.4%) | 276(37.3%) |  |
Surgical approach | Â | Â | Â | 0.020 |
 VATS | 818(90.7%) | 140(85.9%) | 678(91.7%) |  |
 Thoracotomy | 84(9.3%) | 23(14.1%) | 61(8.3%) |  |
Extent of resection | Â | Â | Â | 0.311 |
 Wedge resection | 72(8.0%) | 18(11.0%) | 54(7.3%) |  |
 Segmentectomy | 10(1.1%) | 1(0.6%) | 9(1.2%) |  |
 Lobectomy | 814(90.2%) | 144(88.3%) | 670(90.7%) |  |
 Pneumonectomy | 6(0.7%) | 0(0.0%) | 6(0.8%) |  |
Length of stay, days | Â | Â | Â | 0.015 |
 < 13 | 443(49.1%) | 66(40.5%) | 377(51.0%) |  |
 ≥ 13 | 459(50.9%) | 97(59.5%) | 362(49.0%) |  |
Adjuvant therapy | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Chemotherapy | 324(35.9%) | 77(47.2%) | 247(33.4%) | 0.001 |
 TKI | 125(13.9%) | 14 (8.6%) | 111 (15.0%) | 0.031 |
 Radiotherapy | 41(4.5%) | 11 (6.7%) | 30 (4.1%) | 0.136 |
Postoperative pulmonary complications | 90(10.0%) | 32(19.6%) | 58(7.8%) | < 0.001 |
Type of postoperative pulmonary complication | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Prolonged air leak | 16(1.8%) | 7(4.3%) | 9(1.2%) | 0.007 |
 Respiratory failure | 6(0.7%) | 3(1.8%) | 3(0.4%) | 0.041 |
 Pneumonia | 15(1.7%) | 5(3.1%) | 10(1.4%) | 0.121 |
 Pneumothorax | 14(1.6%) | 6(3.7%) | 8(1.1%) | 0.015 |
 Severe atelectasis | 12(1.3%) | 4(2.5%) | 8(1.1%) | 0.167 |
 Pleural effusion | 41(4.5%) | 9(5.5%) | 32(4.3%) | 0.509 |