Fig. 6

Dehydrocorydaline inhibits TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathways dependent on ER stress. A Expression levels of signaling molecules SMAD2/3, p-SMAD2 and p-SMAD3 in HPFs treated with TGF-β1 and DHC (10 µM) for 2 h, tested by Western blot. Left panel: Typical WB images. Right panel: Bar graphs summarizing the phosphorylation levels of SMAD2/3 across different groups. Each group includes 3 replicates. B Expression levels of SMAD2/3, p-SMAD2 and p-SMAD3 in fibroblasts treated with TG (10 nM) and DHC (10 µM) for 12 h, tested by Western blot. Upper panel: Typical WB images. Lower panel: Bar graphs summarizing the phosphorylation levels of SMAD2/3 across each group. Each group includes 3 replicates. Data are presented as mean ± SD. ***p < 0.001