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Table 4 Cox proportional hazard analysis for loss of independence over 5 years in normal-weight patients with COPD with erector spinae muscle abnormalities

From: Antigravity muscle density on computed tomography and health-related independence in normal weight patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

 

Model 1

Model 2

Model 2

Age, +1 year

1.08 (1.01–1.16) *

1.11 (1.03–1.19) **

1.08 (1.01–1.16) *

Sex, Female

0.57 (0.08–4.33)

1.03 (0.15–6.94)

0.72 (0.10–5.44)

Height, + 1 m

0.95 (0.87–1.03)

0.97 (0.89–1.05)

0.95 (0.87–1.03)

Current smoker, yes

1.22 (0.44–3.42)

1.78 (0.63–5.03)

1.40 (0.49–4.05)

Pack-years, +1

1.01 (1.00-1.02)

1.01 (1.00-1.03)

1.01 (1.00-1.03)

Institutes, university

0.94 (0.34–2.63)

0.69 (0.23–2.10)

0.69 (0.22–2.13)

Comorbidities, yes

0.92 (0.33–2.54)

1.31 (0.47–3.69)

1.25 (0.43–3.60)

CAT ≥ 10, yes

0.81 (0.34–1.94)

0.93 (0.40–2.16)

0.85 (0.36-2.00)

FEV1, +1 L

0.40 (0.16–0.99) *

0.47 (0.20–1.06)

0.42 (0.16–1.01)

ESMD < LLN, yes

3.15 (1.31–7.61) *

 

3.21 (1.30–7.89) *

ESMA < LLN, yes

 

2.40 (0.92–6.25)

2.43 (0.90–6.57)

  1. Values indicate odds ratio (95% confidence interval). All the models were constructed with age, sex, height, smoking status, pack-years, institution, comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, and heart disease), COPD assessment score (CAT) ≥ 10 and FEV1 as the independent variables. ESMA, cross-sectional erector spinae muscle area; ESMD, erector spinae muscle density; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s. * indicates p < 0.05, ** indicates p < 0.01
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Respiratory Research

ISSN: 1465-993X

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