Table 3 Ventilatory parameters according to ventilatory support and year (TABLE 3) on day 1 of ventilator support
1998 | 2004 | 2010 | 2016 | p-value between cohorts | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | Failure NPPV N = 22 | Invasive Ventilation N = 437 | p-value | Failure NPPV N = 27 | Invasive Ventilation N = 162 | p-value | Failure NPPV N = 59 | Invasive Ventilation N = 277 | p-value | Failure NPPV N = 59 | Invasive Ventilation N = 263 | p-value | |
Mechanical ventilation modalities, (%) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.868 | < 0.001 | ||||||||
Assist-control | 0 | 286 (73.5) | 0 | 95 (58.6) | 0 | 139 (50.2) | 22 (37.3) | 107 (40.7) | |||||
Pressure support | 0 | 18 (4.6) | 0 | 5 (3.1) | 0 | 17 (6.1) | 4 (6.8) | 17 (6.5) | |||||
SIMV | 0 | 21 (5.4) | 0 | 3 (1.8) | 0 | 15 (5.4) | 1 (1.7) | 15 (5.7) | |||||
SIMV-PS | 0 | 43 (11.1) | 0 | 15 (9.3) | 0 | 27 (9.7) | 9 (15.2) | 33 (12.5) | |||||
PCV | 0 | 16 (4.1) | 0 | 14 (8.6) | 0 | 46 (16.6) | 11 (18.6) | 41 (15.6) | |||||
CVRP | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 (4.9) | 0 | 15 (5.4) | 3 (5.1) | 14 (5.3) | |||||
APRV/BIPAP | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 (10.5) | 0 | 11 (4.0) | 8 (13.6) | 25 (9.5) | |||||
Other Mode | 0 | 5 (1.3) | 0 | 3 (1.8) | 0 | 3 (1.1) | 0 | 1 (0.4) | |||||
NPPV | 21 (95.4) | 0 | 27 (100) | 2 (1.2) | 59 (100) | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Missing | 1 (4.6) | 48 (11.0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 (1.4) | 1 (1.7) | 10 (3.8) | |||||
Protective Ventilation, (%) | 0.800 | 0.553 | 0.284 | 0.504 | 0.001 | ||||||||
No | 13 (59.1) | 270 (61.8) | 15 (55.6) | 80 (49.4) | 32 (54.2) | 129 (46.6) | 16 (27.1) | 83 (31.6) | |||||
Yes | 9 (40.9) | 167 (38.2) | 12 (44.4) | 82 (50.6) | 27 (45.8) | 148 (53.4) | 43 (72.9) | 180 (68.4) | |||||
Sedation, (%) | 0.125 | 0.036 | 0.475 | 0.414 | < 0.001 | ||||||||
No | 12 (54.5) | 167 (38.2) | 17 (63.0) | 67 (41.4) | 18 (30.5) | 98 (35.4) | 11 (18.6) | 62 (23.6) | |||||
Yes | 10 (45.5) | 270 (61.8) | 10 (37.0) | 95 (58.6) | 41 (69.5) | 179 (64.6) | 48 (81.4) | 201 (76.4) | |||||
Infusion of neuromuscular blockers (NMB), (%) | 0.755 | 0.866 | 0.128 | 0.286 | 0.138 | ||||||||
No | 21 (95.5) | 410 (93.8) | 26 (96.3) | 157 (96.9) | 58 (98.3) | 258 (93) | 52 (88.1) | 243 (92.4) | |||||
Yes | 1 (4.5) | 27 (6) | 1 (4) | 5 (3) | 1 (2) | 19 (7) | 7 (11.9) | 20 (7.6) | |||||
Ventilator parameters on day 1 | |||||||||||||
Tidal Volume, median [p25, p75], mL | 585.7 [560, 600] | 585.7 [500, 650] | 0.506 | 500 [450, 550] | 500 [450, 600] | 0.491 | 495 [400, 550] | 480 [406, 520.5] | 0.987 | 430 [380, 480] | 450 [400, 500] | 0.018 | 0.590 |
Tidal volume, median [p25, p75], mL/kg PBW | 8.2 [6.5, 9.3] | 8.4 [6.9, 10.0] | 0.407 | 7.4 [6.2, 8.7] | 6.8 [5.8, 8.3] | 0.264 | 6.3 [5.4, 8.1] | 6.8 [5.8, 8.0] | 0.571 | 6.4 [5.5, 7.5] | 6.7 [5.6, 7.8] | 0.508 | 0.502 |
Applied PEEP, median [p25, p75], cm of water | 3.6 [0, 5.0] | 3.1 [0, 5.0] | 0.315 | 5.0 [4.0, 6.0] | 5.0 [5.0, 7.5] | 0.334 | 5.0 [5.0, 8.0] | 5.0 [5.0, 8.0] | 0.245 | 6.0 [5.0, 8.0] | 5.0 [5.0, 8.0] | 0.065 | 0.183 |
Plateau pressure, median [p25, p75], cm of water | 25.0 [21.9, 29.0] | 21.9 [21.9, 21.9] | 0.031 | 17.0 [14.0, 20.0] | 22.0 [18.0, 26.0] | 0.007 | 20.0 [18.5, 24.5] | 20.0 [16.0, 24.0] | 0.442 | 20.0 [15.0, 25.0] | 20.0 [16.0, 25.0] | 0.772 | 0.001 |
Driving pressure, median [p25, p75], cm of water | 19.1 [19.1, 25.0] | 19.1 [16.9, 21.9] | 0.279 | 12.0 [10.0, 19.0] | 17.0 [13.0, 21.0] | 0.040 | 15.0 [13.0, 19.5] | 13.0 [10.0, 19.0] | 0.101 | 14.0 [10.0, 19.0] | 14.0 [10.0, 19.0] | 0.662 | 0.042 |