Serum soluble isoform of receptor for advanced glycation end product is a predictive biomarker for acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a German and Japanese cohort study

Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the study participants

	All patients with IPF (n = 171)	German patients with IPF (n = 69)	Japanese patients with IPF (n = 102)	P-value^*
Age, years	68 (62.0–74.0)	69 (63.0–75.0)	68 (60.8–74.0)	0.51
Sex, male/female	139/32	49/20	90/12	0.0046
BMI, kg/m²	24.9 (22.5–27.8)	27.7 (24.9–29.5)	23.6 (21.3–25.8)	< 0.0001
Smoking history, pack years	25.0 (0–45.0)	0.0 (0–30.0)	32.5 (15.0–48.0)	< 0.0001
VC, %predicted	71.0 (59.0–83.0)	60.0 (58.3–78.0)	72.0 (61.7–87.2)	0.10
DLco, %predicted^a	47.2 (38.4–59.6)	44.5 (35.3–54.5)	48.4 (39.6–62.4)	0.054
sRAGE, pg/mL	524.4 (391.7–718.4)	512.3 (397.2–677.4)	561.3 (385.3–758.9)	0.27

Data are shown as medians (interquartile ranges)
BMI body mass index, DLco diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide, sRAGE soluble receptor for advanced glycation end product, VC vital capacity
*Compared between Japanese and German patients
^aThe German and Japanese cohorts had 13 and 12 missing data, respectively

ISSN: 1465-993X