Mask side-effects are related to gender in long-term CPAP: results from the InterfaceVent real-life study

Vidal, Celia; Bertelli, Fanny; Mallet, Jean-Pierre; Gilson, Raphael; Borel, Jean-Christian; Gagnadoux, Frédéric; Bourdin, Arnaud; Molinari, Nicolas; Jaffuel, Dany

doi:10.1186/s12931-024-02965-1

Respiratory Research

Table 2 Univariate analyses by gender

From: Mask side-effects are related to gender in long-term CPAP: results from the InterfaceVent real-life study

Variable	CPAP-usage (h/day)						CPAP-non-adherence (< 4 h/day)
	Women, N = 413			Men, N = 1071			Women, N = 413			Men, N = 1071
	Estimate	95% CI	p-value	Estimate	95% CI	p-value	OR	95% CI	p-value	OR	95% CI	p-value
Demographics
Age (years)	0.01	− 0.01, 0.03	0.205	0.02	0.01, 0.03	< *0.001*	1.00	0.97, 1.03	0.953	0.97	0.95, 0.99	*0.003*
BMI (kg/m²)	0.05	0.02, 0.08	< *0.001*	0.05	0.03, 0.07	< *0.001*	0.95	0.90, 1.00	0.075	0.95	0.90, 1.00	*0.043*
Diagnostic AHI (events/h)	0.01	0.00, 0.02	0.089	0.01	0.00, 0.02	*0.001*	1.00	0.98, 1.02	0.680	0.99	0.98, 1.01	0.264
Active smokers	− 0.54	− 1.11, 0.02	0.059	0.14	− 0.19, 0.47	0.403	1.56	0.65, 3.74	0.320	1.63	0.85, 3.13	0.141
Mustache	NA	NA	NA	− 0.05	− 0.30, 0.20	0.706	NA	NA	NA	1.00	0.57, 1.76	0.992
Beard	NA	NA	NA	− 0.20	− 0.48, 0.08	0.161	NA	NA	NA	0.86	0.44, 1.68	0.661
Active workers	− 0.53	− 0.98, − 0.07	*0.025*	− 0.47	− 0.73, − 0.21	< *0.001*	1.46	0.70, 3.05	0.311	1.71	0.99, 2.96	0.055
Presence of partner	0.28	− 0.08, 0.63	0.128	0.11	− 0.15, 0.38	0.395	0.72	0.38, 1.36	0.310	0.45	0.27, 0.76	*0.003*
Epworth scale
ESS (0–24 score)	− 0.09	− 0.13, − 0.05	< *0.001*	− 0.05	− 0.07, − 0.02	< *0.001*	1.09	1.02, 1.16	*0.007*	1.04	0.99, 1.10	0.144
RES	− 0.84	− 1.32, − 0.35	< *0.001*	− 0.27	− 0.56, 0.01	0.058	2.26	1.10, 4.66	*0.027*	1.29	0.70, 2.36	0.419
Device
Current AHI_flow (events/h)	0.04	− 0.04, 0.11	0.355	− 0.02	− 0.04, 0.01	0.259	0.96	0.83, 1.12	0.621	1.07	1.02, 1.12	*0.002*
Treatment duration (years)	0.05	0.02, 0.09	*0.002*	0.06	0.04, 0.08	< *0.001*	0.96	0.89, 1.03	0.218	0.91	0.86, 0.96	< *0.001*
Mean pressure (cmH₂O)	0.15	0.07, 0.23	< *0.001*	0.10	0.05, 0.15	< *0.001*	0.95	0.82, 1.10	0.496	0.93	0.83, 1.05	0.231
90th/95th pressure (cmH₂O)	0.12	0.04, 0.20	*0.003*	0.08	0.03, 0.13	< *0.001*	0.96	0.84, 1.11	0.588	0.94	0.84, 1.05	0.298
Fixed pressure	0.56	− 0.03, 1.16	0.063	0.33	0.03, 0.64	*0.031*	0.62	0.18, 2.09	0.440	0.45	0.18, 1.15	0.095
Comfort mode	− 0.34	− 0.83, 0.14	0.166	− 0.18	− 0.47, 0.11	0.227	2.16	1.05, 4.45	*0.036*	1.11	0.58, 2.12	0.746
Heated humidifier	− 0.42	− 0.78, − 0.06	*0.024*	− 0.23	− 0.45, − 0.02	*0.034*	1.27	0.66, 2.45	0.472	1.49	0.89, 2.49	0.129
Heated breathing tube	− 0.52	− 1.24, 0.19	0.152	− 0.17	− 0.78, 0.45	0.600	1.02	0.30, 3.55	0.970	2.77	1.03, 7.44	*0.043*
Mask
Interface			*0.029*			0.200			*0.026*			*0.022*
Nasal	–	–		–	–		–	–		–	–
Nasal pillow	− 0.61	− 1.07, − 0.15	0.010	− 0.04	− 0.34, 0.26	0.806	2.60	1.23, 5.50	0.012	1.64	0.83, 3.27	0.157
Oronasal	− 0.30	− 0.75, 0.14	0.180	− 0.22	− 0.45, 0.02	0.077	2.10	0.98, 4.49	0.055	2.12	1.23, 3.63	0.007
Mask availability since 2013	− 0.44	− 0.80, − 0.08	*0.016*	− 0.34	− 0.55, − 0.12	*0.002*	1.57	0.84, 2.92	0.153	2.93	1.76, 4.88	< *0.001*
Device reported leaks (0–100 score)	0.00	− 0.01, 0.01	0.685	0.00	− 0.01, 0.01	0.863	1.01	0.99, 1.03	0.374	1.00	0.99, 1.02	0.610
Side-effects (0–10 VAS score)
Patient reported leaks	− 0.02	− 0.08, 0.04	0.458	0.01	− 0.03, 0.05	0.611	1.00	0.91, 1.11	0.942	1.01	0.93, 1.09	0.902
Partner disturbing leaks	0.05	− 0.01, 0.11	0.079	0.02	− 0.01, 0.05	0.262	0.80	0.68, 0.94	*0.007*	0.93	0.86, 1.00	0.067
Noisy mask	− 0.03	− 0.10, 0.04	0.350	0.00	− 0.05, 0.04	0.817	1.06	0.95, 1.19	0.291	0.97	0.88, 1.07	0.513
Heavy mask	− 0.08	− 0.19, 0.02	0.102	− 0.04	− 0.11, 0.02	0.194	1.00	0.83, 1.19	0.966	0.92	0.77, 1.09	0.310
Mask pain	− 0.07	− 0.16, 0.02	0.119	− 0.01	− 0.07, 0.05	0.678	1.08	0.94, 1.24	0.285	1.06	0.94, 1.20	0.311
Mask injury	− 0.01	− 0.09, 0.07	0.772	0.05	− 0.01, 0.12	0.107	1.03	0.90, 1.17	0.702	0.98	0.84, 1.14	0.783
Harness pain	− 0.03	− 0.13, 0.07	0.522	− 0.01	− 0.08, 0.06	0.882	1.05	0.90, 1.22	0.560	1.11	0.97, 1.26	0.119
Harness injury	0.01	− 0.12, 0.14	0.887	0.09	0.01, 0.17	*0.020*	1.05	0.86, 1.28	0.658	0.88	0.69, 1.12	0.293
Red eyes	0.04	− 0.03, 0.11	0.235	0.03	− 0.01, 0.07	0.159	0.96	0.85, 1.09	0.554	1.04	0.94, 1.14	0.450
Itchy eyes	0.03	− 0.03, 0.10	0.300	0.04	0.00, 0.09	0.051	1.01	0.89, 1.13	0.929	0.98	0.88, 1.10	0.773
Dry nose	− 0.05	− 0.10, 0.00	0.069	− 0.06	− 0.09, − 0.03	< *0.001*	1.00	0.90, 1.10	0.928	1.04	0.96, 1.12	0.308
Stuffed nose	− 0.06	− 0.12, 0.00	*0.034*	− 0.02	− 0.06, 0.02	0.397	1.02	0.92, 1.13	0.668	0.99	0.91, 1.09	0.904
Runny nose	0.01	− 0.06, 0.08	0.719	0.02	− 0.02, 0.06	0.298	0.99	0.87, 1.12	0.883	0.97	0.88, 1.07	0.586
Dry mouth	− 0.05	− 0.10, 0.00	*0.043*	− 0.03	− 0.06, 0.00	0.090	1.04	0.95, 1.12	0.409	1.06	0.99, 1.13	0.092
Number* [0/14]	− 0.03	− 0.08, 0.01	0.150	− 0.01	− 0.03, 0.02	0.500	1.02	0.94, 1.10	0.667	1.01	0.96, 1.07	0.632

Bolds variables are statistically significant at the 5% threshold. Italics variables are included in multivariable analyses.^*Number of side effects; dichotomous data created when the VAS scale for the side effect was above or equal to 1. This variable was not included in the multivariable analyses because of its collinearity with MRSE-variables
AHI: Apnea–hypopnea Index; AHI_flow: AHI reported by device; BMI: body mass index; CI: Exact Confidence Interval; CPAP: continuous positive airway pressure; ESS: Epworth Sleepiness Scale; NA: not applicable; OR: Odds Ratio; VAS: Visual Analogue Scale

Back to article page

ISSN: 1465-993X

Contact us

General enquiries: journalsubmissions@springernature.com