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Fig. 6 | Respiratory Research

Fig. 6

From: Recombinant thrombomodulin and recombinant antithrombin attenuate pulmonary endothelial glycocalyx degradation and neutrophil extracellular trap formation in ventilator-induced lung injury in the context of endotoxemia

Fig. 6

Degradation of the endothelial glycocalyx. (A) Serum syndecan-1 levels (N = 6). (B) Representative images of fluorescent lectin staining of the lung for each group. The lectin-bound glycocalyx is shown in red, and the DNA is shown in blue. Scale bar = 50 μm. (C) Lectin fluorescence intensity for each group (N = 5–6). (D) Representative images of the glycocalyx by transmission electron microscopy. A continuous glycocalyx layer was observed in the control group. The glycocalyx was removed from the endothelium, and the glycocalyx layer was thin and disrupted in the LPS and HTV groups. Spherical aggregation of the glycocalyx layer was observed in the HTV group. The deviation and thinning of the glycocalyx decreased in the rTM, rAT, and rTMAT groups. Low and high magnification images for each group. Scale bar = 1 μm. (E) The percentage of glycocalyx area in the vascular lumen (N = 4–6). ns = not significant. *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, ***P ≤ 0.001, ****P ≤ 0.0001. HTV = high tidal volume ventilation; LPS = lipopolysaccharide; rTM = recombinant thrombomodulin; rAT = recombinant antithrombin

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Respiratory Research

ISSN: 1465-993X

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