Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the propensity score matched cohorts
Characteristics | Propensity score matched patients with collection of ICS delivered by | |
|---|---|---|
High climate impact inhalers (pMDI) (N = 2,535) | Low climate impact inhalers (DPI) (N = 2,535) | |
Age, years | 71.5 (63.5–78.6) | 71.7 (64.1–78.5) |
Sex, female | 1,558 (61.5) | 1,588 (62.6) |
Entry year | 2017 (2016–2019) | 2016 (2016–2019) |
Tobacco exposure: | ||
Never smoking | 137 (5.4) | 170 (6.7) |
Previous smoking | 1,491 (58.8) | 1,452 (57.3) |
Active smoking | 907 (35.8) | 913 (36.0) |
MRC | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–4) |
BMI | 26 (22–30) | 26 (22–30) |
FEV1% GOLD stage 4 (FEV1% < 30%) | 49 (36–63) 403 (15.9) | 48 (35–63) 402 (15.9) |
Comorbidities within 5 years prior to study entry: | ||
Charlson comorbidity index | 4 (3–5) | 4 (3–5) |
Hypertension | 740 (29.2) | 716 (28.2) |
Hypercholesterolemia | 231 (9.1) | 238 (9.4) |
Atrial fibrillation | 411 (16.2) | 390 (15.4) |
Diabetes | 352 (13.9) | 332 (13.1) |
Osteoporosis or osteopenia | 795 (31.4) | 706 (27.9) |
Renal insufficiency | 130 (5.1) | 119 (4.7) |
Liver failure | 35 (1.4) | 47 (1.9) |
Malignancy within five years prior to inclusion | 318 (12.5) | 366 (14.4) |
Atopy or allergy | 148 (5.8) | 140 (5.5) |
Depression | 111 (4.4) | 99 (3.9) |
Exacerbations requiring admission within the last year prior to inclusion | 650 (25.6) | 673 (26.5) |
Prescriptions of prednisolone within the last year prior to inclusion | 1,380 (54.4) | 1,258 (49.6) |
Medical treatment for respiratory disease within the last year prior to inclusion: | ||
Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) average daily dose, µg | 595 (366–921) | 579 (316–920) |
Use of long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) | 2,470 (97.4) | 2,471 (97.5) |
Use of long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonist (LAMA) | 2,185 (86.2) | 2,038 (80.4) |
Use of short acting β2-agonist (SABA) | 2,179 (86.0) | 2,069 (81.6) |
Use of short acting muscarinic receptor antagonist (SAMA) | 393 (15.5) | 336 (13.3) |