Fig. 1

Flowchart of included patients. Included patients were propensity score matched patients 1:1 by age, gender, tobacco exposure, MRC, BMI, FEV₁%, exacerbations requiring hospitalization and daily dosage of inhaled corticosteroids in the year before entry date as well as entry year. Sensitivity analyses included the 9,785 patients with asthma and COPD who collected identifiable ICS delivered by low and high climate impact inhalers as well as the 926 patients with asthma and COPD, who did not receive ICS in any form