Fig. 5

Differences in airway inflammatory profiles based on BAL samples in patients with COPD, BE, BE-FAO ROSE (+), and BE-FAO ROSE (−). The bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples from study subjects were applied for multiplex Immunoassays. (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.005). BAL bronchoalveolar lavage, BE Bronchiectasis without fixed airflow obstruction, BE-FAO Bronchiectasis with fixed airflow obstruction, COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, IL-1 Interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6 Interleukin [IL]-6, IL-18 Interleukin [IL]-18, IL-8 Interleukin [IL]-8, MCP-1 Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, NETs neutrophil extracellular traps, ROSE Radiology, Obstruction, Symptoms, Exposure, TNF-α tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α