Fig. 4

Landscapes of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) among HC, LC, and LC-T groups. a Study overview. Plasma samples were collected from lung cancer patients at 24 h after thermal ablation, then subjected to Olink proteomic and metabolomic analyses to construct an integrated network. b PLS-DA score plots of DEPs in HC, LC, and LC-T groups. c Venn diagram showing the number of DEPs in each group. d Redundancy analysis plot showing explanatory variables that contributed to differences among the three groups. e Hierarchical clustering illustrating three DEP patterns across the three groups. Each line in the figure represents a protein, and the orange line represents the mean expression level of all proteins