Fig. 1

ISM1 expression is downregulated under asthmatic conditions. (A) ISM1 expression in human lung tissue. RNA-Seq data were obtained and analyzed from the public databases Genotype-Tissue Expression B37 and B38_GC33 projects using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software (OmicsSoft, Qiagen). (B) Timeline for allergen exposure in the HDM-induced allergic asthma mouse model (n = 4). (C) Representative photomicrographs of Liu’s staining of BALF cells showing eosinophil predominance in the HDM-sensitized mouse lungs. Bars = 20 µm. (D) Quantification of eosinophils in the HDM-sensitized mouse lungs by flow cytometry. (E) Validation of Ism1 gene expression by qRT-PCR in HDM-challenged mouse lungs compared to the saline control group. (F) Secreted ISM1 levels in BALF measured by sandwich ELISA. (G) Immunofluorescence staining showing colocalization of ISM1 with surfactant protein C (SPC) marker in normal lung sections. (H) Expression of ISM1 appears in proximity to aquaporin 5 (AQ5) staining of normal lung sections. Bars = 20 µm and 10 µm (inset). Data are presented as the mean ± SD. **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001; using Student’s t test. FPKM, fragments per kilobase of transcript per million mapped reads; HDM, house dust mite; BALF, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid; DAPI, 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole