Fig. 1
From: Electronic cigarette vapour increases virulence and inflammatory potential of respiratory pathogens
Effect of CSE and ECVE on biofilm formation. A trend towards increased biofilm formation was observed in all isolates, with statistically significant differences observed with (a) S. aureus + CSE/ECVE, S. pneumoniae + CSE and (b) P. aeruginosa + CSE/ECVE. The mean OD was calculated based on values from 4 replicates, repeated twice